Background. In the context of increasing uncertainty and information overload in modern society, the study of resilience as an internal factor mediating the success of overcoming stress and adapting to a changing reality is becoming relevant. Of particular interest is the study of the biological prerequisites of resilience, in particular the Val158Met polymorphism of the COMT gene, associated with the regulation of dopaminergic activity and individual differences in cognitive and emotional regulation.

Objectives. To study the relationship between resilience and Internet addiction in modern youth and to consider the role of the Val158Met polymorphism of the COMT gene and individual symptoms of Internet addiction in the formation of individual differences in the level of resilience.

Study Participants. The study involved 193 participants aged 18 to 25 years (Mage = 19.37; SD = 2.1; 85% women), students majoring in the humanities.

Methods. The Russian version of the Maddi's Hardiness Test, adapted by Osin, was used to assess resilience, Chen's scale adapted by Malygin and Feklisov was used to measure internet addiction, and the Information Behavior Strategies method was used to study information behavior. Genotyping of the Val158Met polymorphism of the COMT gene was performed using the PCR method.

Results. Genotype at the Val158Met polymorphism in the COMT gene was shown to predict differences in resilience after accounting for the influence of information behavior intensity and internet addiction symptom severity. Regression analysis also revealed an interaction between the genotype and indicators of destructive information behavior strategies and internet addiction symptoms.

Conclusions. The study allows us to conclude that the association between the COMT genotype and resilience manifests in the context of specific behavioral and psychological factors related to internet use.

Background. Despite the widespread application and established efficacy of both psychoeducational programmes and metacognitive training for patients with depression, the lack of direct comparative studies on their effectiveness leaves a significant gap in clinical practice.

Objective. The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the therapeutic effects of a psychoeducational programme and metacognitive training in patients experiencing a depressive episode, recurrent depressive disorder, and bipolar affective disorder.

Study Participants. A total of 81 patients participated in the study: 29 men and 52 women, all diagnosed with a current depressive episode (mean Beck Depression Inventory score: 27.8). The mean age of participants was 30.7 years.

Methods. A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two group interventions in inpatients with depression: metacognitive training and a psychoeducational programme. Assessments were performed at three time points: before the intervention, immediately after completion, and at a follow-up 6 months later. Psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Apathy Evaluation Scale, Self-rated version (AES-S), and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Individual psychological characteristics were evaluated with the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ). Data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results. Both group interventions demonstrated a reduction in depressive symptoms immediately post-intervention and at the 6-month follow-up. Metacognitive training demonstrates superiority in correcting maladaptive metacognitions: it reduces dysfunctional beliefs, increases adaptive coping strategies (planning in problem-solving and others), and maintains its effectiveness at follow-up. The psychoeducational programme affects the reduction of belief in the need to thought control selectively.

Conclusions. Both programmes were associated with a reduction in depressive symptoms; however, metacognitive training demonstrated a more pronounced and sustained effect in modifying deeper structures, such as dysfunctional and metacognitive beliefs, which, in turn, contribute to the chronicity of depression.

Background. Experiencing positive mental states contributes to productive work in various fields of activity, and research into ways to improve work productivity while maintaining the psychological health of the individual is in demand in theoretical and practical psychology.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to study mental structures that actualise positive states in everyday and stressful situations in the dynamics of activity (using education, sports, and work as examples).

Study Participants. The study involved 246 people aged 18–25 years: 106 students from various universities, 70 catering workers, 70 athletes.

Methods. We used the following methods: D.A. Leontiev’s test of life orientations, S.R. Pantileev’s method of studying self-attitude, A.O. Prokhorov and A.V. Chernov’s method “Diagnostics of reflexive processes”, and an adapted questionnaire by A.O. Prokhorov, A.V. Klimanova “Assessment of positive mental states”. The study was conducted in the real conditions of the respondents’ activities.

Results. Patterns in the structure of mental regulation of positive mental states in everyday and stressful situations of activity, as well as the features of experiencing positive mental states depending on the types of activity, were revealed. In the educational process, life-purpose orientations are of the greatest significance; in customer service, both life-purpose orientations and reflection are important; in sports activities, aspects of the self-system are of greatest importance. Differences in the correlation structures between the components of mental regulation and mental states are established.

Conclusions. The dynamics of experiencing positive mental states in different activities at different levels of tension is a change in the dominant relationships between mental regulation and mental states, as well as a change in the characteristics of mental regulation included in the formation of relationship structures. The identified relationship structures show that the regulation of states is associated with the inclusion of consciousness structures in the regulatory process, depends on the nature of activities and changes in situations: from everyday to stressful situations.

Background. The artists' profession presupposes the ability to adapt rapidly and efficiently to the changing conditions. The study of artists' well-being and their being in demand in the professional sphere is of particular relevance, as they devote a significant part of their time to creative work and professional activities. Artists find it difficult to evaluate themselves as professionals, their own creativity as well as to regulate their own state, which becomes a consequence of a low level of psychological well-being, dissatisfaction with professional realization and demand along with emotional instability. Artists with different levels of psychological well-being tend to choose different behaviour strategies in the implementation of creative activity depending on the dominant parameters of professional demand.

Objective. The aim of the study was to identify statistically significant differences in measures of professional demand between artists with different levels of psychological well-being.

Study Participants. The study involved 120 artists aged 18 to 70. The criterion for participant selecting was the education obtained in a specialized secondary or higher education institution.

Methods. "The scales of psychological well-being" by C.D. Riff in modification of D.G. Orlova and "Professional Demand for Person" (PVL) by E.V. Kharitonova and B.A. Yasko were used. Data processing included Pearson correlation coefficient, one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe's method.

Results. Artists with a high level of psychological well-being in contrast to artists with medium and low levels expressed the following parameters of being in professional demand: satisfaction with the realization of professional potential, belonging to a professional community, experience of professional demand, professional competence, professional credibility, evaluation of the results of professional activity, attitude of others and self-attitude, and the general level of professional demand.

Conclusions. Statistically significant differences in the indicators of professional demand were revealed among artists with different levels of psychological well-being. They differ in their attitudes towards themselves, creative activity, realization as well as to the degree of satisfaction with demand in the professional sphere.

Background. The relevance of career choice motivation assessment is primarily related to the need to identify adolescents who need help in choosing a profession. demonstrating a sense of uncertainty and helplessness before making such a fateful decision. Russian psychodiagnostics lacks techniques for assessing motivation in profession choosing that correspond to current theoretical approaches in the psychology of motivation. The proposed questionnaire fills this gap.

Objective. The goal was to develop and approbate a Career Choice Motivation Questionnaire based on modern theoretical and methodological developments in the self-determination theory.

Study Participants. 295 high school students (156 tenth graders and 139 eleventh graders) from a Moscow school (average age M = 16.61; SD = 0.62, 41% girls, 55% boys, the rest did not specify gender).

Methods. The introduced Career Choice Motivation Questionnaire evaluates intrinsic motivation and different types of extrinsic motivation: identified, introjected, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation (5 scales, 3 items each). To assess its validity, we utilized indicators of the subjective quality of choice, satisfaction of basic psychological needs at school and at home, academic motivation and well-being. Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney test, correlation analysis, multidimensional scaling, latent profile analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were applied to process quantitative data.

Results. An analysis of psychometric characteristics, including CFA and multidimensional scaling of the questionnaire items showed that the developed questionnaire is characterized by acceptable indicators of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha from 0.81 to 0.87) and a clear factor structure corresponding to the motivational continuum postulated in the self-determination theory. Convincing evidence has been obtained in favor of the structural and construct validity of the questionnaire. We obtained high correlations of intrinsic and identified vocational choice motivation with self-assessment of the choice quality and satisfaction with the choice, as well as with satisfaction of basic psychological needs at home and well-being.

Conclusions. The results indicate that the developed Career Choice Motivation Questionnaire is a reliable, valid and compact tool for vocational counseling and scientific research based on the self-determination theory.