Articles

In this article author analyses the existing approaches to success and successful behaviour concepts, its factor theories and success models in different cultures and societies. 

This article explicates the fundamental role of “relations” category in the analysis of joint activity motivation. In addition to the traditional division of relations into psychological and social ones, the importance of another dichotomy is substantiated, namely: the attitude and the relationship. A special means-end relationship is singled out which forms the framework of six meaningful motives of joint activity: creativity, communication, pragmatics, cooperation, competition, achievement. The author presents the model of motivation developed within the methodological paradigm of psychological field and demonstrates its difference from the traditional individualistic model of motivation based on (personal) attitudes.                                      

The article covers the subject of qualitative methodology’s potential as a means of value orientations investigation and study of sources of changes in respondents’ value system. The strategy of step by step combination of questionnaire, metrical and graphic methods is presented. The empirical research of the role of information environment in genesis and transformation of value orientations system of the youth audience representatives is described. 

The article deals with two of the first social-psychological conceptions, addressing the analysis of human behavior in a large social group; the socio-cultural and intellectual context of their occurrence is defined; a comparative analysis of the main provisions of these conceptions is carried out. The role of these concepts in the development of subject fields of social psychology is evaluated. Notes the importance of “subjective method” N.K. Michailovskiy for the future of methodological search within social constructionism. 

Introduction.

To the 70th anniversary of Lidia Vassilievna Borozdina.

To the 70th anniversary of Janna Markovna Glozman.

Principles of data analysis, which were got during developing inventory of multifactor research of tolerance, are observed. This inventory has two-mode structure. The necessity of studying of tolerance as complex system including possible objects of tolerant attitude along with different possible levels of regulations these attitudes was advocated. The structural equation modeling namely multi-trait multi-method model (MTMM) was used. Equations for specification the models are included. The possibility and advantages of using MTMM for analysis data having 3-mode structure in studies of different types is discussed.

To a large extent, crisis of zoopsychology is resulted from the failure of experimental and observational date, obtained under domestic methodological ground (activity theory). In this paper we review the investigations of animal behavior in conditions of novelty of different kinds, studied in the laboratory of zoopsychology of Department of Psychology in 1980—1990 (e.g. examinations of development of rats and mice exploratory behavior in “open field” (different modification); mice and rats behavioral patterns in response to novelty depend on the animal rank; and exploratory behavior of outdoor, semicommensal and commensal mice and voles in “dwelling room”). Exploratory behavior as a subject of investigation and its analysis may provide necessary date for understanding and demonstration psychical activity in animals. 

The issue provides the overview of modern approaches to the definition and research of coping with difficult life situations. The article highlights the problems of difference between the concepts of coping and defense mechanisms. Coping as personality dispositions and dynamic process is considered. The issue deals with the controversial issues of questionnaires’ use and other methods of coping strategies’ research. The article covers the prospects of complex approach to the study of coping. 

The work is aimed at the studying of the dynamics of internal polylogue during psychoanalytical process. New conception of interpolylogue was introduced and grounded. An interpolylogue arises during external dialogue of two subjects by nonlinear multivariate and conflicting interaction of three components: the internal polylogues of every subject and external dialogue between them. An assumption about interpolylogue nature of consciousness was made. 

The aim of presented paper is to outline the future direction of autobiographical memory (AM) research in the frame of cultural-historical and activity approaches. Future study in mediation of AM should focus on: a) sub-cultural models of AM, which coexist in the same language context; b) inner dynamics of cultural life scripts; c) parameters of self-constructed tools for AM mediation. Activity approach considers voluntary memories as actions and involuntary memories as operations. The future study of involuntary memories should analyze the way of how conscious memories become unconscious and via versa. Looking at AM at the level of activity allow to understand reestablishing AM for personal development. 

The paper describes the results of a series of studies aimed at revealing the regularities in accepting and overcoming uncertainty that characterizes choice contexts. The formation of dynamic regulative systems (DRS) in the actual genesis of choice is considered to be realization by the subject of his intellectual and personality potential in preparing for and making a choice. We also show how structural equation modeling techniques provide tools for making the notion of the unity of personality and intellectual predictors of choice, and of the components of psychological regulation of choice, more concrete and specific. 

It is impossible to give English variant of the abstract because English language does not have exact analogy of the Russian notion «самооценка».  

The paper presents a study of mechanisms of choice on the case of a real life situation of local authorities elections. The dependent variable was the decision whether to go voting. Using the authors’ test The Subjective quality of choice technique, special questionnaires and a number of personality inventories, we found out intelligible correlations between different aspects of experience of one’s own choice process and some personality variables. The data obtained so far indicate the existence of two stable patterns of choice-making strategies revealed in subjective estimates of one’s choosing process.