Based on the analysis of A.R. Luria’s works belonging to different periods of the formation and development of neuropsychology, the author highlights the main directions in the future development of the problem of neuropsychological factors. The author suggests possible aspects of the differential learning of the structural components of spatial factor, in accordance with its functional multiplicity in the systemic structure of the higher mental functions. 

The article is dedicated to problem in usage of main principals of syndrome neuropsychological analysis in psychiatry. Main requirements for realization of A.R. Luria’s syndrome approach are given: accountancy of psychopathology, conceptualization of brain functioning particularities, and special attention to the researched psychological reality. The prospects for further development of neuropsychology in psychiatry, including the assessment and theoretical perspectives, are observed.