Articles

The paper discusses the possibilities of symbol application to the learning of function concept in primary school. Author differentiates symbol and sign mediation. . Symbolic mediation is divided into productive (which assists transfer to sign mediation) and unproductive. Three groups of children were learning concept of function according to three programs: traditional, based on sign mediation; experimental, based on productive symbolic mediation; experimental, based on unproductive symbolic . mediation. Experiment showed that symbolic mediation could be a productive way of learning concept of function if core relationships in image content of symbol that can bring to sign mediation are defined.

The authors give definition of organizational stress; approve a diagnosis model, study the influence of subdivision type on organizational stress specificity. as a result of research it was proved that the subdivision type isn’t a determinative factor of organizational stress in company.

The determinations of general and differential psychophysiology are presented. Specific character of their subject and methods are shown. Some productive ways of mutual influence of Teplov’s and Sokolov’s scientific schools are considered. Sokolov’s school: research of activation-inactivation, functional states, orienting reflex has determined the development of informative and valuable electrophysiological methods of diagnostics of stable typological properties of nervous system. Presence of many psychological correlations of properties of nervous system (especially of arousability) allows to consider them as innate prerequisites of individual differences and individuality. Teplov’s school: action of every general law is refracted by the “individuality factor”. Investigation of group differences in development of functional states of monotony, exhaustion, satiety specifies conditions of linear and U-shaped dependence in activity effectiveness.

Article is devoted a problem of studying of gnoseological and practical features, of modern qualitative analysis methods: Miles and huberman’s matrix method, Strauss and korbin’s grounded theory and discourse-analysis. The results of comparative empirical research and author’s models for consideration of analytical toolkit from the point of view of specificity of the data, features of the coding of the primary data, strategy of the description of the received categories, interpretation of results are resulted.

Temporal form of multiple processes is synthesized in subject consciousness, it is a complicated, multidimensional and dynamic. А person relies not only on the structure of experience to achieve synchronization of action with the processes in the surrounding world, but also on anticipation, making maximum use of available information, combined with traces of memory. The basis of theoretical concepts of author is formed by the research work with people controlling vehicles.

This research is devoted to the investigation of the role of conscious self-regulation in human development and activity. The concept of conscious self-regulation of a subject’s voluntary activity and the history of its research conducted in Psychological Institute RAE are discussed. The results of the research dedicated to the typology of individual styles of self-regulation and their relationship with educational and professional activity effectiveness are presented. Personal dispositions have specific influence on the individual peculiarities of regulatory profile. It is concluded that the integrated system of individual self-regulation includes dynamic and content aspects of a personality, its conscious and subconscious structures for development and achievement of goals.

The study conducted at a representative sample of 6—11 graders from regularsecondary schools (N=665) has shown, that high academic achievers are characterizedby particular motivational profile, i.e. high level of intrinsic motivation and lowerlevel of extrinsic motivation based on the striving to get recognition and respect fromparents, teachers and classmates than their less successful peers. Besides that, observeddifferences in extrinsic motivation of boys and girls allowed to explain gender differencesin academic achievement favoring girls. This data should be used selecting children tospecial classes and schools for gifted and developing programs for teachers and parentsthat support intrinsic motivation in children.

The role of attachment to mother (AM) in formation of children’s and adolescents’ attitude to world around and to themselves is analyzed in the article. AM is considered as a complex system of internal regulation and one of the bases of mental development typology. Results of a series of the researches are described, relating secure/insecure adolescents’ AM to their worldviews, in particular to their emotional attitude towards family, teachers, peers, friends, school, and also to the future, the country, people and the world as a whole. 

The phenomenon of cultural specificity of the types of cognition — the everyday and scientific ones — is discussed in the present work in the frame of systemic approach. The discussion highlights the features of the Russian science. The analogies between the stages of an individual act of cognition, on the one hand, and cognition process at the level of world science, on the other hand, are considered. It is assumed that the interaction between different “local” sciences takes form of the mutual CO-operation aimed at achieving of global result — the development of world science.

The paper shows the possibility of assessing the level of resistance to stress through the integration of information on the specifics of the difficult situation and available resources of coping. When describing the individual process of adaptation to stress is a systematic distinction between mental states and stable personality dispositions. Picked up a set of diagnostic methods, empirical verification which is carried out by comparing the samples of subjects (N=530), a priori contrast in level of resistance to stress.

The address is devoted to the following issues: a) congratulation of Faculty of Psychology at Saint-Petersburg State University with the opening Conference timed to 100th year Anniversary of birthday of famous Russian psychologist, one among the founders of the Faculty Boris Gerasimovich Ananiev from Russian Psychological Society and Faculty of Psychology at Lomonosov Moscow State University; b) collaboration of Faculties of Psychology at Lomonosov Moscow State University and Saint-Petersburg State University; c) some basic psychological problems that are general for Moscow’s and Saint-Petersburg’s scientific traditions; d) perspectives of further collaboration.

From editorial board.

The article presents the analysis of work of dissertation councils at the MSU Department of Psychology. Quantitative indexes of defend thesises in psychology and pedagogic are adduced for 2001–2007 years. It was made an attempt to assume the quality of defended thesises in psychological and pedagogical science, as the priority was set the task to increase heir level, in particular, due to high requirements to publications in scientific edition «Moscow University Bulletin (Vestnik). Seria 14. Psychology».

The article discusses the question of application of the neuropsychological method in psychogenetic research. It is suggested to use neuropsychological indexes as endophenotype — an intermediate part between genotype and phenotype. Results of experimental study of mono- and dizygotic 43—62 year old twins are reported. Consideration of programming and control index (executive functions index) as an endophenotype has demonstrated that neuropsychological indexes may become a basis for the qualitative analysis of the intelligence structure.

The concept «personal life space» is introduced and a justification is provided. Theoretical origins, relations with the concept «image of the world» are discussed and a structure model of the concept is developed. The results of an empirical study of representation of personal life space in the world images in adolescents and young adults are presented.