Articles

The study is aimed at revealing interrelationships between coping behavior and intellectual and personality components of the dynamic regulation of choice under uncertainty in college students (n=480). We establish correlations between productive/unproductive coping strategies and academic achievement, analytical and practical intelligence, implicit theories of intelligence and personality, goal orientations and also such personality predictors of overcoming uncertainty as risk readiness and rationality.

The results of a study of the motivational component of the student intellectualactivity in solving insight problems are presented in the article. For the evaluation ofmotivation the technique of “creative field” developed by D.B. Bogoyavlenskaya hasbeen used before and after teaching students to implement heuristics with the help ofthe method developed by I.I. Ilyasov. Additional data on the positive influence of theintrinsic cognitive motivation upon the success in solving insight problems has beenreceived. The possibility to contribute to arising and increasing of this motivationthrough teaching to use heuristics has also been revealed.

The main directions of security formation of communication strategies related to their adaptation to the conditions of social and psychological variability.

Two approaches to teaching the ability to learn in the Russian psychological and pedagogical sciences are analyzed in the article. The first one means we teach the ability to learn directly and the second focuses on developing this ability by changing the content and forms of learning. We come to the conclusion about the connection between these approaches with understanding the specifics of learning.

The role and functions of the child-parent relations and communication with peers in adolescence are considered as characteristics of the social situation of development. The developmental processes of the value, emotional, cognitive and behavioral components of autonomy in their heterochrony are discussed. The results of the research demonstrated complicated non-linear relationship between the level of personality autonomy and child-parent relation’s parameters (the level of parent’s control, the adolescent’s independence and self-management competence, communication and cooperation with parents). 

The given article attempts to outline generally the bilateral relations between the state of educational sphere and national security’s level in order to raise this scientific problem. The authors put forward and give robust ground to the idea that assumes that educational system acts as a resource, an object and a tool of the state policy on national security.

The article is devoted to the dynamics of the emotional development of children with autism. Deregulations of emotions occupy a central place in the clinical picture of this type of disorders. In the early school years, they become the main obstacle in the socialization of these children. The present paper describes the options for the development of emotional regulation in autism spectrum disorders of varying severity at the beginning of schooling. The main emphasis is on comparison with age norm. The factors affecting the prognosis of social adaptation are analyzed.

The monograph is devoted to one of the most complex and mysterious scientific problems, to the problem of neurobiological nature of consciousness. What is the connection between psychological and neural levels of consciousness? The author proposes to consider consciousness within the spherical model of subjective processes, which unlike other models integrates psychophysical and neural levels of analysis to answer this fundamental question. The experimental researches results acquired by the author and his followers who have proved the propriety of the spherical model are serving as basis for this approach, data about deliberate discrimination of colors, emotions and other categories of stimuli are quoted. The spherical model of consciousness assumes that activity of specific neurons should be responsible for separate acts of consciousness. Functionally specialized “neurons of consciousness” which are forming “neurons fields” or “neuron maps” are serving as such neurons according to the author’s hypothesis. The change of one act of consciousness by another is determined by moving of the excitation’s focus on such type of map resulting in replacing the activity of the “neuron of consciousness” by the activity of another neuron of the same class. A number of consequences for an experimental check-up follows from this hypothesis and it opens the prospect of objective studies of consciousness. The hypothesis of the existence of specialized “neurons of consciousness” leads the author to the conclusion of the existence of the endocellular mechanism of consciousness. The author considers two possible processes in this connection: 1) local coding of signals on the micromodules of separate dendrites; 2) quantum-mechanical coding in cytoskeletal microtubules arising from generation of coherent photons. The radical physical hypothesis about of the quantum processes enable to explain brain’s work and the nature of human consciousness in a new fashion is a basis of the second idea. The book will cause doubtless interest among the wide audience of specialists in the humanities and natural science and senior students interested in problems of psychology and neurobiology of consciousness.

Professional psychologies — for the future of Russia.

In the article experimental investigations, performed in virtual reality (VR) systems, are considered. Perspective modifications of research paradigm in cognitive, orga4 nizational, social, clinical psychology are described. The possibility of application of VR technology in educational psychology, psychotherapy and psychological rehabilitation are discussed.

The article is about doctor’s occupational stress. The aim of this study was to define complex approach to doctor’s occupational stress development. The outcome of the study was definition of common and specific stress manifestation for different doctors group (physicians, surgeons and resuscitation experts). There are diverse ways to treat and correct occupational stress among different doctors specializations.

The paper discusses the possibilities of symbol application to the learning of function concept in primary school. Author differentiates symbol and sign mediation. . Symbolic mediation is divided into productive (which assists transfer to sign mediation) and unproductive. Three groups of children were learning concept of function according to three programs: traditional, based on sign mediation; experimental, based on productive symbolic mediation; experimental, based on unproductive symbolic . mediation. Experiment showed that symbolic mediation could be a productive way of learning concept of function if core relationships in image content of symbol that can bring to sign mediation are defined.

The authors give definition of organizational stress; approve a diagnosis model, study the influence of subdivision type on organizational stress specificity. as a result of research it was proved that the subdivision type isn’t a determinative factor of organizational stress in company.

The determinations of general and differential psychophysiology are presented. Specific character of their subject and methods are shown. Some productive ways of mutual influence of Teplov’s and Sokolov’s scientific schools are considered. Sokolov’s school: research of activation-inactivation, functional states, orienting reflex has determined the development of informative and valuable electrophysiological methods of diagnostics of stable typological properties of nervous system. Presence of many psychological correlations of properties of nervous system (especially of arousability) allows to consider them as innate prerequisites of individual differences and individuality. Teplov’s school: action of every general law is refracted by the “individuality factor”. Investigation of group differences in development of functional states of monotony, exhaustion, satiety specifies conditions of linear and U-shaped dependence in activity effectiveness.

Article is devoted a problem of studying of gnoseological and practical features, of modern qualitative analysis methods: Miles and huberman’s matrix method, Strauss and korbin’s grounded theory and discourse-analysis. The results of comparative empirical research and author’s models for consideration of analytical toolkit from the point of view of specificity of the data, features of the coding of the primary data, strategy of the description of the received categories, interpretation of results are resulted.