Articles

This article presents a research made in French Rail Transport Company about professional culture. It uses the Bakhtinian concept of genre to analyze the dynamic between individual activity and professional culture in a cultural-historical perspective. At the beginning of the article, theoretical bases and concepts of the research are represented, then by means of extracts from the protocols is illustrated the idea of the development of professional culture under the effect of the individual activity as well as the development of individual activity under the effect of the professional culture.

This research is about defining specific character of quantitative, structural and functional characteristics of psychological adaptation. As a result of it was found that it typical for opium (heroine) addicted patients not to understand the connection between behavior and consequences. This leads to making mistakes of psychosocial character and creating of conflict relations with people around. The reason for this is undeveloped social intellect of such patients. Moreover, the factor of psychosocial adaptation like empathy is lower in drug addicted patients. Communicate competence, presenting itself the sum of knowledge and skills about partners they communicate with and about the communicative process as a whole, is closely related to the factor mentioned above.

The article is devoted to the review of feacheres of a process of social categorization,its object and functions. The specific of use of this process in main theories of psychology of social cognition is under the consideration.

To the 85th anniversary of Galina Mikhailovna Andreeva.

To the 60th anniversary of Anna Borisovna Leonova

Purpose of this polemical article is author’s aim to view problem of consciousness (it’s history begins from the Classic greek, indian and Chinese philosophy, it has several thousands years history) in wide context of contemporary physics and semiotics. lack of significant advances in contemporary psychological science in the studying of consciousness demands, in our opinion, both philosophical, methodological bases of this problem and conceptual frameworks of this area. On the material of altered states of consciousness we study interpretation of consciousness as secondary perception in a sign form (what rises up to hegel) or interpretation consciousness as system of a meanings which is mediates world view (l. vygotsky, a. leontiev, a. luria).

The empirical study of self-regulation means was conducted in employees with different levels of professional experience. The relevance of the study is based on the necessity of scientific data storage concerning human functional state regulation mechanisms. The aim — to reveal main job and organizational factors accepted by employees as the main causes of negative functional states dynamics, to describe the system of self-regulation means and to estimate how typical means correspond to organizational requirements. The results show that the novices tend to activate asocial and aggressive coping behavior as a response to emotional communications with clients and permanent work interruptions. Experienced employees report about more healthy typical coping means that are used in strict conformity with accepted organizational rules.

The article deals with the development of constructive behavioral strategies at adolescents. The authors describe the results of the research devoted to adolescents’ behavioral strategies (according to K. Tomas) in conflict situations. The results of two experimental trainings show, that the development of cooperation and compromise strategies in trainings should be based on a role-playing and some exercises, contributing their development. The exercises developing cognitive ways of interpersonal perception contribute more to cooperation development. Exercises, developing emotional self-regulation, contribute more to compromise development.

The article studies the relationships of interpersonal cognition strategies with personality identity statuses, implicit theories of self-perception, intelligence, some kinds of anxiety and sociometric status of teenagers.

Personality safety is considered to be one of the fundamental values of modern society. In information field advertising acts as one of the channels effecting personality and its impact is of ambivalent, dual nature. Advertising safety is linked with freedom of choice and individual’s identity in modern information society.

The article presents the results of the content of the motivational sphere of mothers with children in infant, early and preschool age. It is shown that the motive of achieving happiness of the child lead in the motivational sphere of all women surveyed. However, the semantic content of this motive depends on its relations with other components of the motivational sphere of the mother. Specificity of the motivational sphere of the mother at the age of the child was described. A tendency to enrich the motivational sphere of the mother is to an increase in the autonomy of the child. 

The report is dedicated to a pressing issue of corporate relations influence on a favorable image build up. The authors explore factors of formation and successful performance of corporate relations such as economic thinking level, psychological culture, leadership style and others in their interconnection

The results of studying the dynamics of volitional regulation through the work adjustment in three groups of interns (length of service: less 1 year — n=42, 1—3 years — n=47, 3—5 years — n=27) are presented. Following significant differences between the groups are discovered: “Action control scale”, emotional self-control, intrinsic and positive extrinsic work motivation, motivation for achievements, attraction of profession, “Purpose-in-Life test”. The positive correlation between the success in work adjustment and the volitional activity of interns in their occupation are demonstrated.

Intellectual abilities and personality traits of students were considered as predictors of academic success. R. Amthauer’s intelligence structure test, A. Edwards’ personal preferences questionnaire, C. Dweck’s questionnaire modified version, LFR questionnaire and new method of group estimation of mind (GEM) were used. Results of this study of MSU students sample (N=177) allowed to conclude, that: 1. Group estimation of mind acts as significant prognostic variable of students’ exam passing success. Psychometric intelligence variables concede to it. 2. “Self-esteem of mind” correlates with “self-esteem of academic success” and with academic progress, but doesn’t act as it’s significant predictor. 3. A set of motivation variables appears to predict effectiveness of learning better, than intellectual abilities.

The individual characteristics of time perception by sportswomen of synchronized swimming from Russian youthful team were studied at this work. Sportswomen are greatly varied in accuracy and stability of reproduction long (2–5 sec) and estimation short (less than 250 ms) time intervals, which filled with different contents – ticks of metronome, persistent sound, pressuring the button and etc. The improvement of individual characteristics of time perception by specials methods is one of the psychological resources to increase sports achievements of the team