Nikishina, V.B.

Background. The study relevance is due to a decrease in publication activity in relation to the object of research in the last 10 years (according to the professional information database LENS.ORG) by 12% compared to the previous decade, while social demand remains high.

Objectives. The goal is to identify differences in the structural components of body image, as well as factors involved in its formation in adolescent girls with different body mass indexes and gynecological diseases.

Study Participants. 31 teenage girls aged 11–17 years (M age = 14.06, SD = 2.02 years), having a confirmed gynecological disease according to ICD-10 (menstrual irregularities, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, benign tumors of the pelvic organs and mammary glands).

Methods. The study used the author’s questionnaire, consisting of 3 substantive blocks of questions (socio-demographic; somatic, socio-psychological data) and 4 psychodiagnostic techniques: Body Image Questionnaire by O.A. Skugarevsky and S.V. Sivukha; SIBID questionnaire (Thomas F. Cash) adapted by L.T. Baranskaya and S.S. Tataurova; Nonverbal technique for assessing satisfaction with body areas (SBS) Meshkova T.A., Neuropsychological tests for somatognosis (right-left orientation in the body diagram, idea of body size in space).

Results. Statistically significant differences in the level of dissatisfaction with both their own body and body parts were revealed between the groups of adolescent girls with different BMI values. At the level of somatosensory gnosis, both groups showed disturbances in quasi-spatial orientation (orientation in their own body), which manifested themselves in mirroring errors and difficulty transferring the spatial organization of hand posture in the horizontal and vertical planes of rightleft orientation. Statistically significant direct relationships were revealed between BMI values and indicators of dissatisfaction with their own body and situational dissatisfaction with body image. Significant relationships between BMI and the time spent in the digital space, the number of subscribers in social networks, school performance, and diet were revealed.

Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, a significant correlation between body mass index indicators in adolescent girls with gynecological diseases with such indicators as satisfaction/dissatisfaction with their own body and their body image, time spent in the digital space and the number of subscribers, school performance, as well as diet was revealed.

Background. Outpatient observation, general principles in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis do not lead to a decrease in the incidence of this pathology as well as of other diseases of related nosologies. It is necessary to study the quality of life, attitude to the disease, adherence to treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis to improve the effectiveness of interaction in the “doctor-patient” tandem.

Objective. The aim is to study the parameters of quality of life, type of attitude towards the disease, adherence to treatment in patients with different forms of chronic tonsillitis.

Study Participants. A total of 229 patients with chronic tonsillitis (67 men, 162 women, aged 18 to 63 years, average age 31.68 years, standard deviation 0.23 years) participated in the study. Of these, 76 people had a compensated form (14 men, 62 women), 153 people had a decompensated form of chronic tonsillitis (53 men, 100 women).

Methods. WHO Brief Questionnaire for Assessing Quality of Life, the “Type of Attitude to Disease (TOBOL)” method, the Russian universal questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of adherence to treatment (KOP-25).

Results. Patients with decompensated chronic tonsillitis, which has more severe clinical manifestations, perceive the symptoms of the disease through withdrawal into work, which is manifested in partial ignoring of symptoms and the desire to continue active work. As a result, they have low adherence to treatment in most of its manifestations. In patients with compensated chronic tonsillitis, which is characterized by less severe clinical manifestations of the disease, denial of the disease prevails. However, they have a relatively high adherence to treatment in many of its manifestations. Quality of life indicators are significantly lower in them as compared to those in patients with a decompensated form.

Conclusions. Patients with compensated chronic tonsillitis are characterized by denial of the disease, and lower quality of life indicators. However, they show higher adherence to treatment. Patients with decompensated chronic tonsillitis are characterized by withdrawal from the disease to work, low adherence to treatment, and high quality of life indicators.

Practical application of the results. The obtained results make it possible to justify elaboration of programmes for the work of a medical psychologist with patients suffering from chronic tonsillitis, and to organize interaction depending on the form of the disease.