Articles

The article describes verification of a test diagnostics method that focuses on understanding of human biology, specifically the procedure and the results of verification. The study includes testing of 168 high school students and validation of the test by 55 experts. The results of the study indicate that the test can be recommended to diagnose how well high school students understand human biology. The difference in experts’ opinion regarding interpretation of the test questions has been analyzed.

Discrimination of colors and brightness was studied with instrumental learning paradigm in monkeys (Macaque rhesus) and fish (Carpio Cyprinus L.). The confusion matrices composed of percentage of instrumental responses were treated by principal components analysis. The spherical structure of perceptual color and brightness spaces revealed in both animals was similar to those in humans with normal color vision. In concordance with spherical model the eigenvectors constituting these spaces correspond to neuronal channels that encode differences between stimuli in color and brightness.

Psychoanalysis presents unique empirical material for the research of the dynamics of personality reflection in altered states of consciousness and its impact on different aspects of vital activity of the personality. it was shown that as altered states of consciousness become deeper during the psychoanalytical process the reflexive processes of a personality enhance, become more active and change qualitatively, which is expressed in particular in the formation of the active «reflexive i».

The article explains the continuity of domestic proforientational methods, DDQ and «Proforientator». The authors described the scientific and organiziational contributions, made by Professor E.A. Klimov in the development of modern proforientational diagnostic methods. The reader of this article can find the illustration of his contributions to the history of emergence of a computerized test «Proforientator» and the logic of its revising. The authors focus on the block «interests» and secondary scales of modern test in the areas of targeted learning. Analysis of massive empirical material using expert assessment and mathematical statistics, allowed to reasonably prove validity of schoolchildren’ test results with the help of the «Proforientator» test real career, with a precision of up to six areas of targeted learning. Also it was given attention to deal with individual bright cases involving real failed choices of higher education and specialty. The materials described the theoretical basis of domestic proforientational approach, which have been tested in practice.

In the present article the interrelation between the level of coworker’s ability to adequately reflect in consciousness his or her own group (team) role and the type of corporate culture of the company, where this coworker works, has been investigated. The following hypothesis: «the process of reflecting the team role is different in different corporate cultures» is proposed and verified. Corporate culture is viewed as one of the most important factors of successful positioning (role assignment). The terms, such as «corporate culture» and «reflection of the team role» are defined and operationalized in the article.

"The article substantiates the statement that the idea of corporationism, integral consolidation in the continuum “person/organization”, acts as a crucial condition for providing organizational security. The notion “corporationism” is defined and components and varieties of companies’ security in organizations with different levels of corporationism manifestation are investigated.

In the age-approach framework (L.S. Vygotsky, D.B. Elkonin) student’s perception of the moral atmosphere in the secondary school is discussed as the essential feature of the social situation of development. The results of the research cleared the role of the student’s perception of the moral atmosphere in the secondary school as the essential factor of the value and moral development in adolescence in the modern Russia society. The peculiarities of the perception of the moral atmosphere in the secondary school were revealed. The clusters of the different patterns of the perception of the moral atmosphere in school were described. 

The paper investigates multi-direction of extreme cases impact on an individual. Interdependence of two extremity aspects psychological and professional is traced. It is information extremity that is thought to be the most dangerous for personality and society.

The article is devoted to the history and current state of the school of Alexey Nikolaevich Leontiev (1903-1979), an outstanding Russian psychologist, the first Dean of the faculty of psychology of Moscow state University who have made the most significant contribution to the creation and development of the activity approach in psychology. Considered in detail the stages of scientific biography A.N. Leontiev, the author identifies and analyzes the main provisions developed his school of “non-classical psychology”, the origins of which date back to L.S. Vygotsky. Special attention is paid to the analysis offered in the school of A. N. Leontiev solve the problems of the subject of psychology, nature of psyche as a specific mental functions, the relationship between internal and external activities, units of psychological analysis and development of the psyche. Selected as promising lines of development of General psychological ideas of the school of A. N. Leontiev.

The subject of topic is the discussion about interaction between affective and cognitive factors in whole personality style, which determined subject capacity to contain coherent, integrate and abstract representation about social communication, specific disturbances this capacity in subject with affective pathology personality disorders and comorbid suicidal behavior. Analysis of the main theoretical approaches experiential schema and results of the assessment (researches) of two groups patients (100 subjects) with depressive disorder suicide attempts and without are presented. The dates confirm the connection between structural-functional organization peculiarities, affective-motivational investment and content themes of I—Other relations representations patterns with three bipolar affective-cognitive personality style dimensions — differentiations/integrations, dependency/autonomy, hostility/mutual cooperation. They allow to specify the role of cognitive-symbolic means disturbances in low effective functioning of the defense and coping self-regulatory systems.

Behavioral genetic studies of development address two problems: age changes of heritability and environmental influences, and contribution of genetic and environmental influences to developmental change. Experimental studies of the sources of individual differences combine longitudinal design and behavioral genetic methods, demanding participation in the study of genetically related individuals. The results of the studies allow disentangling genetic and environmental influences on developmental trajectories, change, continuity and covariance of psychological features.

The question of the investigation of functions of prefrontal cortex is put in the article. The author supposes that this zone of the brain is responsible for several different psychological components. He suggests a special method of investigation of some of the components. The method consists in combined use of principle of dissociation and the analysis of psychological processes’ disorders in the view of their stages of realization. As a result of the research there were defined some psychological components which were responsible for programming, regulation and control of different stages of thinking. Several neuropsychological syndromes of the disturbances of programming, regulation and control of thinking were marked out. The syndromes represented interconnected combinations of the disorders of the components.

The purpose of this article is to review and compare two influential approaches to hypnosis, namely the traditional and the social-cognitive ones. The author describes general theoretical foundations of both approaches and systematizes their views on the key controversial issues of hypnology. Along with a thorough theoretical analysis the results of interesting experiments supporting either theses are discussed, which helps to integrate the approaches and formulate a unified view of the nature and phenomenology of hypnosis.

Neuropsychological testing in 7—10 children with learning and behavioral dif- ficulties is described. All children were school studying and visiting Center for children intellectual development. Several syndromes of higher cortical functions violations are sorted out.