This paper provides a definition of persistence with systematic approach. It is represented intervention program for the persistence development for the low-educated cadets of the educational institutions of the Emergency Ministry of Russia. It is held a controlling measure of the persistence level in group of low-educated cadets on the modified measurement of persistence test and it is found that 10 structural parameters of persistence from 16 significantly have changed: after intervention studies the regulatory and dynamic and regulatory components increased all “inharmonic” variables and “harmonic” variable such as energy. In terms of content and stylistic aspects of productive and reflectiveevaluative components it is increased the “harmonic” (substantive scope, operational difficulties) and “inharmonic” (awareness, emotional difficulties) characteristics, and it is decreased the importance of egocentricity. This is due to increased difficulties in the implementation of persistent behaviors associated with the fact that cadets have understood more widely these characteristics and set it to subject realization.
The manuscript described the basis issues of Roger’s diffusion of innovations
theory, the variety of empirical data on applying this theoretical approach in
promotion of protective health behaviors and prevention of health risk behaviors.
Also author presents the main results of longitudinal research conducted to
evaluate the effectiveness of group behavioral intervention for popular opinion
leaders as part of international research project to prevent HIV/STD among
students living in dormitories in St. Petersburg, Russia. The study was funded
by National Institute of Mental Health (USA) — NIMH Collaborative HIV/STD
Prevention Trial.
The article presents the results of investigation of a study of motivational
readiness and competency of the graduate teaching high school for future careers.
Th e main indicators of readiness: 1) presence of a positive professional motivation
(PM); 2) positive expert opinion leaders about the practice bases of formation
and manifestation of student competence in the implementation of professional
activities; 3) the successful delivery of the student fi nal examinations. Trends in
the PM of students during the period of teaching practice were identifi ed with
the help of “Motivation techniques of professional activity” by K. Zamfi r in the
modifi cation of A. Rean. To determine the success of the internship was used
developed by the authors “list of expert assessments”, which includes job practices
and competencies generated in the process of learning activities. These procedures
allow tracking of the respondents (n=9) identify a positive trend in the change
of PM and competence exhibited by them in the course of teaching practice. It
is concluded that the possibility of using this technique in any pedagogical high
school and has a profi le of preparation, “Applied Psychology in Education”.
Proxymology is a new approach based on a multidimensional analyze of patients and caregivers surrounding. In Parkinson’s disease, human surrounding depends on duration of the disease, autonomy of patients, and sometime of associated cognitive disorders. Patients’ quality of life is altered with the disease progression as well as their caregivers’ quality of life. Specific needs of caregivers in Parkinson’s disease are discussed.
The paper analyzes influence of different forms of test interpretation on the decision-making among HR specialists. The empirical results did not confirm most of the “simple” hypotheses initially formulated by the authors, and some more complicated patterns were derived. The main factors influencing perception and use of test results were as follows: the conditions and circumstances of the decision making process, the value of test results for the decision making, and the individual differences between HR specialists who analyzed test results. On the basis of acquired empirical results some new experimental hypotheses and ideas of prospective studies were formulated.
The article considers problems in zoopsychology and comparative psychology teaching that Russian universities are facing nowadays. The teaching of this discipline by lacking special interdisciplinary qualifications lecturers often leads to misapprehension of the subject by students. The problem is also aggravated by growing opposition between two major paradigms in treatment of the human nature (socio-cultural and biological approaches) and increased biologization tendencies in human behavior interpretations manifesting themselves in direct analogies with behavior models of animals belonging to various taxons.
The essence of a prejudice that determines the practice of so called specialized education at schools is that it is considered that a choice of professional specialization made during adolescence period guarantees further professional development in the defined direction. In fact, as we see in biographies of successful professionals, professional development is a nonlinear process, which specifically takes place in an effort to overcome situations of uncertainty, and is characterized as an intermittent (“start-stop”) process.
A comparison between image of psychology in contemporary public opinion and the actual state of affairs in psychological science is made. The discrepancy between rate of development of applied fields of psychology and its support from fundamental research are revealed. The meaning and significance of general psychology (and of works by members of General psychology department, in particular) in overcoming this discrepancy is shown.
The article presents g. gonzalez’s integrative model of alcohol and drug abuse
prevention on campus. This theoretical structure bases on models such as health belief model, social learning theory and problem behavior theory. it focuses on different elements — the individual level, the level of the environment and the level of interaction between the individual and the environment. we present concrete activities included in the integrative model, analyze the effectiveness of preventive programs among university students and the experience of using the model at the University of Florida. gonzalez’s model can be used to assess the effectiveness of prevention programs.
The paper analyses theoretical and methodological principles of neuropsychological assessment of preschool children and the most used psychometric methods of preschooler evaluation. Russian battery for preschoolers’ neuropsychological assessment, qualitative analysis and scoring of results was adopted in Portugal. The Portuguese version of this
battery follows Luria’s principle of interaction with the examined child with the aim to determine the zone of his proximal development.
Neuropsychological testing in 7—10 children with learning and behavioral dif- ficulties is described. All children were school studying and visiting Center for children intellectual development. Several syndromes of higher cortical functions violations are sorted out.
The cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy is a recognized method of treatment addictive personality disorder. the special place is given to self-efficiency, situations of high risk of failure, to formation and an effective utilization of skills of successful psychosocial adaptation (skills of effective interaction including development with a social environment, empathy development, formation of the positive «I-concept» and communicative skills).
