Various effects of personal traits on the components of subjective well-being

Background. Due to global changes and growing socio-cultural uncertainty, it is important to determine which personal traits allow a person to maintain a high level of subjective well-being in modern conditions of living.

Objective. The article aims to determine the contribution of personal traits (perfectionism, coping strategies and tolerance for ambiguity) to the components of subjective well-being (life satisfaction and subjective happiness).

Sample. The study involved 142 respondents (123 females, 19 males), students of Moscow universities (mean age = 19,32, SD = 0,644).

Methods. Respondents were offered to complete 6 questionnaires: «Three-factor perfectionism questionnaire», «Proactive coping abbreviated questionnaire», «Diagnostic technique of stress coping» of D. Amirkhan, «Scales of tolerance and intolerance to ambiguity in modification of S. Badner’s questionnaire», «Subjective happiness scale» of S. Lyubomirsky, «The satisfaction with life scale » by E. Diener. Statistical processing of the data was performed using statistics system, IBM SPSS Statistics 23 macros PROCESS, using regression and moderator analyses.

Results. Regression analysis revealed the positive contribution of proactive coping and the negative contribution of the perfectionism component “negative selectivity and fixation on one’s own imperfection” both to individual components of subjective well-being and to its integral indicator. The proactive coping strategy “seeking social support” contributes to the cognitive component of subjective well-being and its integral indicator, while not affecting the emotional component. Moderator model shows an increase in subjective well-being when using a proactive coping strategy, regardless of the level of the perfectionism component “negative selectivity and fixation on one’s own imperfection”.

Conclusion. Such personal traits as proactive coping strategies (proactive coping, seeking social support) and the perfectionism component of “negative selectivity...” contribute to the level of subjective well-being. Proactive coping also levels the connection between perfectionism and subjective well-being.

References

Asmolov, A.G., Shekhter, E.D., Chernorisov, A.M. (2021). The Paradox of the Adaptation and Preadaptation Coexistence of in the Historical and Evolutionary Process. Voprosy psikhologii (Issues of Psychology), 67, 4, 3–20. (In Russ).

Banshchikova, T.N., Sokolovskii, M.L., Korosteleova, T.V. (2022). Self-regulation and Tolerance for Uncertainty as Resources for the Subjective Well-being of Modern Youth: A Cross-cultural Aspect. Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Psikhologiya i pedagogika (RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics), 19, 4, 717–743. (In Russ).

Belinskaya, E.P. (2022). Coping in Times of Uncertainty and Global Risks: the Main Research Trend. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta (Bulletin of Kemerovo State University), 24, 6, 760–771. (In Russ).

Belinskaya, E.P., Melnikova N.M., Pisareva L.Yu. (2017). The Humanitarian Aspects of Health and Wellness: Causes of Research Interest and Main Theoretical Approaches. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta (Bulletin of Kemerovo State University), 2, 111–116. (In Russ).

Belinskaya, E.P., Veсherin, A.V., Agadullina, E.R. (2018). Proactive Coping Inventory: Adaptation to a Non-Clinical Sample and the Predictive Capability. Klinicheskaya i spetsial’naya psikhologiya (Clinical Psychology and Special Education), 7, 3. (Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.17759/psycljn. 2018070312). (In Russ).

Curran, T., Hill, A. (2017). Perfectionism Is Increasing Over Time: A Meta-Analysis of Birth Cohort Differences From 1989 to 2016. Psychological Bulletin, 145 (4). (Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000138) (review date: 01.05.2023)

Deniz, M. (2021). Self-compassion, intolerance of uncertainty, fear of COVID-19, and well-being: A serial mediation investigation. Personality and Individual Differences, 177 (4). (Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110824. (review date: 28.04.2023)

Garanyan, N.G., Kholmogorova, А.B., Yudeeva, T.Yu. (2018). Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of Perfectionism Inventory: Developing 3-factor version. Counseling Psikhologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie (Psychology and Psychotherapy), 26, 2, 8–32. (In Russ).

Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. Guilford Press.

Isaeva, O.M., Akimova, A.Yu., Volkova E.N. (2022). Factors of Psychological Well-Being in Russian Youth. Psikhologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie (Psychological Science and Education), 27, 4, 24–35. (In Russ.).

Jebb, A. T., Morrison, M., Tay L., Diener, E. (2020). Subjective Well-Being Around the World: Trends and Predictors Across the Life Span. Psychological Science, 31 (3), 293–305.

Kholmogorova, A.B., Garanyan, N.G., Tsatsulin, T.O. (2019). Dynamics of Indicators of Perfectionism and Symptoms of Emotional Distress in the Russian Student Population over the Past Ten Years: Cohort Study. Kul’turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya (Culture-Historical Research), 17, 3, 41–50 (In Russ.).

Kornilova, T.V., Chumakova, М.A. (2014). Tolerance and Intolerance of Ambiguity in the Modification of Budner’s Questionnaire. Eksperimental’naya psikhologiya (Experimental Psychology), 7, 1, 92–110. (In Russ.).

Krukova, T.L. (2008). Coping behavior psychology: modern state, problems and prospects. Kostroma. Vestnik Kostromskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Pedagogika. Psikhologiya. Sotsiokinetika (Bulletin of Kostroma State University), 4, 147–153. (In Russ).

Kuftyak E.V. Factors of Development of Coping Behavior in Children and Adolescents. Psychological Research, 2 (22). (Retrieved from http://psystudy.ru/index.php/eng/2012n2-22e/673-kuftyak22e.html) (review date: 10.04.2023) (In Russ.).

Leontiev, D.A. (2015). The Challenge of Uncertainty as the Key Issue of the Psychology Of Personality. Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya (Psychological Research), 8 (40). (Retrieved from http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2015v8n40/1110-leontiev40.html) (review date: 26.04.2023) (In Russ.).

Leontiev, D.A. (2020). Happiness and Well-Being: Toward the Construction of the Conceptual Field. Monitoring (Public Opinion Monitoring: Economic and Social Changes), 1 (155), 177–142. (In Russ.).

Leung, J., Cloninger R., Hong, B., Cloninger, K.M. et al. (2019). Temperament and character profiles of medical students associated with tolerance of ambiguity and perfectionism. PeerJ, 7. (Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7109) (review date: 01.05.2023).

Nemirovskaya, A.V., Soboleva, N.E. (2020). Subjective well-being determinants in Russia: a regional perspective. Vestnik Instituta sotsiologii (Bulletin of the Institute of Sociology), 11, 2, 54–81. (In Russ.).

Novgorodova, E.F. (2015). The role of perfectionism in subjective well-being of young people. Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya (Psychological Research), 8, 44. (Retrieved from: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2015v8n44/1216-novgorodova44.html) (review date: 10.02.2023) (In Russ.).

Osin, E.N., Leont’ev, D.A. (2020). Brief Russian language scales of subjective well-being diagnostics: psychometrical characteristics and comparative analysis. Monitoring (Public Opinion Monitoring: Economic and Social Changes), 1 (155), 117–142. (In Russ.).

Prikhozhan, A.M., Tolstykh, N.N. (2005). Psychology of Orphanhood. SPb: Piter. (In Russ.).

Puchkova, G.L. Sub’ektivnoe blagopoluchie kak faktor samoaktualizacii lichnosti: Avtoref. dis. kand. psikhol. nauk. (Subjective well-being as factor of self-actualization). Cand.Sci. (Psychology). Chabarovsk. (In Russ.).

Rasskazova, E.I., Leontiev, D.A. (2020). Pandemic as a Challenge to Subjective Well-Being: Anxiety and Coping. Konsul’tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya (Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy), 2, 90–108. (In Russ.).

Samokhvalova, A.G., Shipova, N.S, Tikhomirova, E.V., Vishnevskaya, O.N. (2022) Psychological Well-Being of Modern Students: Typology and Targets of Psychological Help. Konsul’tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya (Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy), 30, 29–48. (In Russ.).

Sheveleva, M.S. et al. (2022). Perfectionism and Impostor Phenomenon as Predictors of Work Engagement and Subjective Well-Being. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal (Psychological Journal), 43, 3, 80–88. (In Russ.).

Sokolova, E.T. (2015). Shock as the result of collision with sociocultural uncertainty and ambiguity: clinical approach. Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya (Psychological Research), 8, 40. (Retrieved from: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/eng/2015v8n40e/1125- sokolova40e.html) (review date: 14.04.2023) (In Russ.).

Stoeber, J., Lalova, A.V., Lumley, E.J. (2019). Perfectionism, (self-)compassion, and subjective well-being: A mediation model. Personality and Individual Differences, 154. (Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109708) (review date: 23.01.2023).

Wang, C, Huang, Y, Xiao, Y. (2021). The Mediating Effect of Social Problem-Solving Between Perfectionism and Subjective Well-Being. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. (Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.764976) (review date: 10.05.2023).

Wilson, J.M., Weiss, A., Shook, N.J. (2020). Mindfulness, self-compassion, and savoring: Factors that explain the relation between perceived social support and well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 152. (Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109568) (review date: 23.01.2023).

Yasnaya, V.A., Enikolopov, S.N. (2013). The Current Models of Perfectionism. Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya (Psychological Research), 6, 29. (Retrieved from: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/eng/2013v6n29e/838-yasnaya29e.html) (review date: 24.04.2023) (In Russ.).

Zolotareva, A.A. (2012). Diagnostika individual’nykh razlichii perfektsionizma lichnosti: Avtoref. dis. kand. psikhol. nauk. (Diagnostics of individual differences of perfectionism of personality). Cand. Sci. (Psychology). Moscow. (In Russ.).

Zinchenko, V.P. (2007). Tolerance to uncertainty: news or psychological tradition? Voprosy psikhologii (Questions of psychology), 6, 3–20.